I have a Bachelor Degree in law and a Master (in Private Law) from the National University in Tehran, Iran. I also obtained my M. Phil and Ph.D. in public international law from the London School of Economics (LSE). I passed by thesis under the supervision of the then Professor (now a Judge and the President of the International Court of Justice) R. Higgins.

I started my working career with the Oil Industry in Iran. At the time of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, I was serving as the Head of the Contracts Department at National Iranian Oil Company (“NIOC”). From the time of the Revolution and the inception of claims against Iranian entities, I was in charge of international claims against the companies affiliated to NIOC (later Ministry of Petroleum). In the meantime, for a period in 1980 and 1981, I also served as a member of a coordinating claims committee, which was formed with the participation of representatives of seven Iranian Ministries to coordinate claims against Iranian governmental and controlled entities. From 1981, I was assigned, as coordinator of claims and as principal counsel, to represent claims for or against the companies affiliated to the Ministry of Petroleum. For that purpose, I was stationed for about 3 months during 1981 in London and later from sometime in 1982 until 1986 in The Hague. In that capacity, I represented those entities and coordinated presentation, defense, and settlement negotiations of many international claims on their behalf. From September 1987, I joined the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal (“the Tribunal”) in the capacity of a signor legal assistant to the Iranian arbitrator in Chamber One and at full plenary sessions of the Tribunal and worked in that capacity until 31st August 2007. Academic Works: During the above period (1987-2007), I delivered lectures/briefings to students of various universities from all over the world and the Netherlands visiting the Tribunal on the work of the Tribunal. For about 3-4 years I also lectured/briefed UNITAR students visiting the Academy in The Hague on the same subject. For about 7-8 years I also delivered to the students of the Master Degree of the Leiden University an optional course on international arbitration using the practice of the Tribunal as a basis. On occasions, I also delivered certain similar but short briefs to the students of the Master Degrees of the University of Amsterdam. For few year, I also served as a Judge at the Telder competition.

In addition to my book (International Law of Expropriation as reflected in the Work of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal, Matinus Nijhoff, 1993), my publications are, inter alia,: “Treatment of the Rules of the International Law of Money by the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal,” 3 Asian Yearbook of International Law (1993), 71 (Kluwer Academic Publishers); “Aspects of Iran-United States Claims Tribunal,” 2 Asian Yearbook of International Law (1994), 61 (Kluwer Academic Publishers); “Striking a Balance between the Finality of Award and the Right to a Fair Judgment: What is the Contribution of the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal?”, IV The Finnish Yearbook of International Law (1993) 1 (University Printing House, Helsinki); "Iran-United States Claims Tribunal: The Birth of a Twentieth Century Griffin", VII The Finnish Yearbook of International Law (1996), 180 (University Printing House, Helsinki); "Presenting Claims of Minor Claimants before the Iran-U.S. Claims Tribunal: Twilight of Ambiguity," in Liber Amicorum, Bengt Broms, (1999), 285 (PMS Print Oy, Helsinki); and “State Responsibility: A Green Law View,” XI Finish Yearbook of International Law (2002), 359 (Kluwer Law International).

Persian, English, Dutch, Italian, French.